Which IPM category includes sanitation and cleaning areas as part of cultural practices?

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Sanitation and cleaning areas are classic examples of cultural controls in integrated pest management. Cultural practices are actions that modify the pest environment to prevent problems by changing habitat, resources, or conditions that pests rely on. Cleaning and sanitation remove food sources, water, clutter, and potential harborage, making the area less attractive and habitable for pests. Because these methods depend on how people manage and maintain the space rather than on applying chemicals, traps, biological agents, or rules, they fit squarely into the cultural category. In short, the idea is to prevent pests by shaping the environment through routine, human-led practices like cleaning and sanitation.